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| IPv4
| IPv6
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| Source and destination addresses are 32 bits (4 bytes) in length.
| Source and destination addresses are 128 bits (16 bytes) in length.
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| IPSec support is optional.
| IPSec support is required.
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| IPv4 header does not identify packet flow for QoS handling by routers.
| IPv6 header contains Flow Label field, which identifies packet flow for QoS handling by router.
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| Both routers and the sending host fragment packets.
| Only the sending host fragments packets; routers do not.
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| Header includes a checksum.
| Header does not include a checksum.
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| Header includes options.
| All optional data is moved to IPv6 extension headers.
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| Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) uses broadcast ARP Request frames to resolve an IP address to a link-layer address.
| Multicast Neighbor Solicitation messages resolve IP addresses to link-layer addresses.
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| Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) manages membership in local subnet groups.
| Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) messages manage membership in local subnet groups.
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| ICMP Router Discovery is used to determine the IPv4 address of the best default gateway, and it is optional.
| ICMPv6 Router Solicitation and Router Advertisement messages are used to determine the IP address of the best default gateway, and they are required.
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| Broadcast addresses are used to send traffic to all nodes on a subnet.
| IPv6 uses a link-local scope all-nodes multicast address.
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| Must be configured either manually or through DHCP.
| Does not require manual configuration or DHCP.
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| Uses host address (A) resource records in Domain Name System (DNS) to map host names to IPv4 addresses.
| Uses host address (AAAA) resource records in DNS to map host names to IPv6 addresses.
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| Uses pointer (PTR) resource records in the IN-ADDR.ARPA DNS domain to map IPv4 addresses to host names.
| Uses pointer (PTR) resource records in the IP6.ARPA DNS domain to map IPv6 addresses to host names.
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| Must support a 576-byte packet size (possibly fragmented).
| Must support a 1280-byte packet size (without fragmentation).
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